This paper introduces a simple but effective scattering mechanism identification scheme for analyzing mixed scattering mechanisms obtained by model-based decomposition. Using the normalized scattering vector, each pixel is represented by a point in a standard 2-simplex in R3. Seven scattering category centers are represented by the three vertices, the three midpoints of sides and the centroid of the 2-simplex. The scattering category partitioning problem is then solved by minimizing the Euclidean distance between the image pixels and these category centers. The proposed scattering mechanism identification scheme is finally used for data analyzing and unsupervised classification. Experiments on AIRSAR and E-SAR L-band PolSAR images demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
2. Koo, V. C., Y. K. Chan, G. Vetharatnam, M. Y. Chua, C. H. Lim, C.-S. Lim, C. C. Thum, T. S. Lim, Z. Bin Ahmad, K. A. Mahmood, and M. H. Bin Shah, "A new unmanned aerial vehicle synthetic aperture radar for environmental monitoring," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 122, 245-268, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIER11092604
3. Mohammadpoor, M., R. S. A. Raja Abdullah, A. Ismail, and A. F. Abas, "A circular synthetic aperture radar for on-the-ground object detection ," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 122, 269-292, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIER11082201
4. Van Zyl, J. J., "Unsupervised classification of scattering behavior using radar polarimetry data," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 27, No. 1, 36-45, 1989.
doi:10.1109/36.20273
5. Kong, J., S. Yueh, H. Lim, R. Shin, and J. Van Zyl, "Classification of earth terrain using polarimetric synthetic aperture radar images," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 3, 327-370, 1990.
6. Lee, J.-S., M. R. Grunes, and R. Kwok, "Classification of multi-look polarimetric SAR imagery based on complex wishart distribution," International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 15, No. 11, 2299-2211, 1994.
7. Pottier, L., "Dual frequency polarimetric SAR data classification and analysis," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 31, 247-272, 2001.
8. Ferro-Famil, L., E. Pottier, and J. Lee, "Unsupervised classification of natural scenes from polarimetric interferometric SAR data," Frontiers of Remote Sensing Information Processing, Vol. 105, 2003.
9. Lee, J.-S., M. R. Grunes, E. Pottier, and L. Ferro-Famil, "Unsupervised terrain classification preserving polarimetric scattering characteristics," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , Vol. 42, No. 4, 722-731, 2004.
10. Cao, F., W. Hong, Y. Wu, and E. Pottier, "An unsupervised segmentation with an adaptive number of clusters using the span/h/®/a space and the complex wishart clustering for fully polarimetric SAR data analysis," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 45, No. 11, 3454-3467, 2007.
11. Teng, H. T., H.-T. Ewe, and S. L. Tan, "Multifractal dimension and its geometrical terrain properties for classification of multiband multi-polarized SAR image," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 104, 221-237, 2010.
12. Yang, W., Y. Liu, G.-S. Xia, and X. Xu, "Statistical mid-level features for building-up area extraction from full polarimetric SAR imagery," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 132, 233-254, 2012.
13. Cloude, S. R. and E. Pottier, "An entropy based classification scheme for land applications of polarimetric SAR," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 35, No. 1, 68-78, 1997.
14. Lee, J.-S., M. R. Grunes, T. L. Ainsworth, L.-J. Du, D. L. Schuler, and S. R. Cloude, "Unsupervised classification using polarimetric decomposition and the complex wishart classifier," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 37, No. 5, 2249-2258, 1999.
15. Pottier, E. and J. Lee, "Unsupervised classification scheme of polsar images based on the complex wishart distribution and the H/A/alpha polarimetric decomposition theorem (polarimetric SAR)," EUSAR 2000, 265-268, 2000.
16. Song, H., W. Yang, X. Xu, and M. Liao, "Data-driven polinsar unsupervised classification based on adaptive modebased decomposition and Shannon entropy characterizationl-," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 49, 215-234, 2013.
17. Zakeri, B. G., A. Ghorbani, and H. R. Amindavar, "A new method to extract the polarimetric parameters in imaging radars," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 87, 167-182, 2008.
18. Du, Y., W.-Z. Yan, J.-C. Shi, Z. Li, and E.-X. Chen, "Electromagnetic scattering from a corn canopy at L and C bands," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 114, 33-49, 2011.
19. Cloude, S. R. and E. Pottier, "A review of target decomposition theorems in radar polarimetry," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , Vol. 34, No. 2, 498-518, 1996.
20. Freeman, A. and S. L. Durden, "A three-component scattering model for polarimetric SAR data," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 36, No. 3, 963-973, 1998.
21., .
22. Lee, J.-S. and E. Pottier, Polarimetric Radar Imaging: From Basics to Applications, 1st Ed., 422, CRC Press, 2009.
23. Alvarez-Perez, J. L., "Coherence, polarization, and statistical independence in Cloude-Pottier's radar polarimetry," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 49, No. 1, 426-441, 2011.
24. An, W., Y. Cui, and J. Yang, "Three-component model-based decomposition for polarimetric SAR data," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 48, No. 6, 2732-2739, 2010.
25. Van Zyl, J. J., M. Arii, and Y. Kim, "Model-based decomposition of polarimetric SAR covariance matrices constrained for nonnegative eigenvalues," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 49, No. 9, 3452-3459, 2011.
26. Arii, M., J. J. van Zyl, and Y. Kim, "Adaptive model-based decomposition of polarimetric SAR covariance matrices," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 49, No. 3, 1104-1113, 2011.
27. Cui, Y., Y. Yamaguchi, J. Yang, and H. Kobayashi, "On exact model-based scattering decomposition of polarimetric SAR data," 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP), 106-109, 2012.
28. Yamaguchi, Y., T. Moriyama, M. Ishido, and H. Yamada, "Four-component scattering model for polarimetric SAR image decomposition," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , Vol. 43, No. 8, 1699-1706, 2005.
29. Yamaguchi, Y., A. Sato, W.-M. Boerner, R. Sato, and H. Yamada, "Four-component scattering power decomposition with rotation of coherency matrix ," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing , Vol. 49, No. 6, 2251-2258, 2011.
30. Sato, A., Y. Yamaguchi, G. Singh, and S.-E. Park, "Four-component scattering power decomposition with extended volume scattering model," IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, Vol. 9, No. 2, 166-170, 2012.
31. Zhang, J. J., P. Wang, L. Chen, Y. Li, Q. Yin, and W. Hong, "Seven-category model-based segmentation for polarimetric SAR data," PolInSAR'13, 2013.
32. Arii, M., J. J. van Zyl, and Y. Kim, "A general characterization for polarimetric scattering from vegetation canopies," IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. 48, No. 9, 3349-3357, 2010.
Submit
