In this paper, a novel frock shaped four-port MIMO antenna is designed, and experimental results were verified for UWB applications. The four elements are placed orthogonal to each other to reduce mutual coupling. The proposed novel-shaped antenna is derived from a circular patch antenna. A series of modifications were made on a circular patch antenna to get desired single novelly shaped radiator. Inserting decoupling stubs in the Plus form between MIMO elements lessened mutual coupling. The entire designing procedure of the proposed four-port antenna was carried out by Characteristic Mode Analysis. The proposed model is printed on an Fr-4 substrate with dimensions of 40x40x1.6 mm3. This novel 4-port antenna is well-operated in the UWB range from 2.8 GHz to 11.4 GHz and bandwidth of 8.6 GHz. The novel shape radiators with good decoupling stubs produce a high impedance bandwidth of as 121.8%, radiation efficiency of 91%, high isolation 26 dB, and a gain of 6 dB in the operating band. The diversity parameters are enveloped correlation coefficient (ECC) less than 0.0011, diversity gain (DG) very near 10 dB, capacity channel loss of 0.28 bp/s/Hz, and mean effective gain of -3.1 dB. The experimental results of the antenna are verified with simulated ones and got good agreement between fabricated and simulated results.
2. Kaiser, T., F. Zheng, and E. Dimitrov, "An overview of ultra-wide-band systems with MIMO," Proc. IEEE, Vol. 97, 285-312, 2009.
doi:10.1109/JPROC.2008.2008784
3. Sultan, K. S. and H. H. Abdullah, "Planar UWB MIMO-diversity antenna with dual notch characteristics," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 93, 119-129, 2019.
doi:10.2528/PIERC19031202
4. Kulkarni, J., A. Desai, and C. Y. D. Sim, "Wideband four-port MIMO antenna array with high isolation for future wireless systems," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 128, 153507, 2021.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2020.153507
5. Parvathi, K. S. L. and S. R. Gupta, "Novel dual-band EBG structure to reduce mutual coupling of air gap based MIMO antenna for 5G application," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 138, 153902, 2021.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2021.153902
6. Chithradevi, R. and B. S. Sreeja, "A compact UWB MIMO antenna with high isolation and low correlation for wireless applications," 2017 IEEE International Conference on Antenna Innovations & Modern Technologies for Ground, Aircraft and Satellite Applications (iAIM), Banglore, India, Nov. 24-26, 2017.
7. Rekha, V. S. D., P. Pardhasaradhi, B. T. P. Madhav, and Y. U. Devi, "Dual band notched orthogonal 4-element MIMO antenna with isolation for UWB applications," IEEE Access, Vol. 8, 145871-145880, 2020.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3015020
8. Radhi, A. H., R. Nilavalan, Y. Wang, H. S. Al-Raweshidy, A. A. Eltokhy, and N. Ab Aziz, "Mutual coupling reduction with a wideband planar coupling structure for UWB-MIMO antenna," Int. J. Microwave Wireless Technol., Vol. 10, 1143-1154, 2018.
doi:10.1017/S1759078718001010
9. Urimubenshi, F., D. B. Konditi, J. de Dieu Iyakaremye, P. M. Mpele, and A. Munyaneza, "A novel approach for low mutual coupling and ultra-compact two port MIMO antenna development for UWB wireless application," Heliyon, Vol. 8, No. 3, e09057, 2022.
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09057
10. Hasan, M. N., S. Chu, and S. Bashir, "A DGS monopole antenna loaded with U-shape stub for UWB MIMO applications," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 61, No. 9, 2141-2149, 2019.
doi:10.1002/mop.31877
11. Kim-Thi, P., H. H. Tran, and T. T. Le, "Circularly polarized MIMO antenna utilizing parasitic elements for simultaneous improvements in isolation, bandwidth and gain," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 135, 153727, 2021.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2021.153727
12. Nikam, B. V. and M. R. Jadhav, "A compact quad port band-notched MIMO antenna for Wi-Max applications with low mutual coupling," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 104, 53-67, 2020.
13. Luo, S., D. Wang, Y. Chen, E. Li, and C. Jiang, "A compact dual-port UWB-MIMO antenna with quadruple band-notched characteristics," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 136, 153770, 2021.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2021.153770
14. Chattha, H. T., F. Latif, F. A. Tahir, M. U. Khan, and X. Yang, "Small-sized UWB MIMO antenna with band rejection capability," IEEE Access, Vol. 7, 121816-121824, 2019.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2937322
15. Alibakhshikenari, M., B. S. Virdee, C. H. See, P. Shukla, S. M. Moghaddam, A. U. Zaman, and E. Limiti, "Dual-polarized highly folded bowtie antenna with slotted self-grounded structure for sub-6GHz 5G applications," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 70, No. 4, 3028-3033, 2021.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2021.3118784
16. Kowalewski, J., J. Eisenbeis, M. Tingulstad, Z. Kollar, and T. Zwick, "Design method for capacity enhancement of pattern-reconfigurable MIMO vehicular antennas," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 18, No. 12, 2557-2561, 2019.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2019.2943205
17. Thummaluru, S. R., M. Ameen, and R. K. Chaudhary, "Four-port MIMO cognitive radio system for midband 5G applications," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 67, No. 8, 5634-5645, 2019.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2019.2918476
18. Haripriya, D., S. Venkatakiran, and A. Gokulachandar, "UWB-MIMO antenna of high isolation two elements with WLAN single band-notched behavior using roger material," Materials Today: Proceedings, Vol. 62, 1717-1721, 2022.
doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2021.12.203
19. Khan, M. S., S. A. Naqvi, A. Iftikhar, S. M. Asif, A. Fida, and R. M. Shubair, "A WLAN band-notched compact four element UWB MIMO antenna," International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 9, e22282, 2020.
doi:10.1002/mmce.22282
20. Puri, V. and H. S. Singh, "Design of an isolation improved MIMO antenna using metasurface based absorber for wireless applications," Optik, Vol. 259, 168963, 2022.
doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2022.168963
21. Parvathi, K. S. and S. R. Gupta, "Novel dual-band EBG structure to reduce mutual coupling of air gap based MIMO antenna for 5G application," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 138, 153902, 2021.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2021.153902
22. Abbas, A., N. Hussain, M. A. Su an, W. A. Awan, J. Jung, S. M. Lee, and N. Kim, "Highly selective multiple-notched UWB-MIMO antenna with low correlation using an innovative parasitic decoupling structure," Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, Vol. 43, 101440, 2023.
doi:10.1016/j.jestch.2023.101440
23. Luo, S., D. Wang, Y. Chen, E. Li, and C. Jiang, "A compact dual-port UWB-MIMO antenna with quadruple band-notched characteristics," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 136, 153770, 2021.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2021.153770
24. Vasu Babu, K. and B. Anuradha, "Design of Wang shape neutralization line antenna to reduce the mutual coupling in MIMO antennas," Analog. Integr. Circ. Sig. Process., Vol. 101, 67-76, 2019.
doi:10.1007/s10470-019-01397-y
25. Suresh, A. C. and T. S. Reddy, "High isolation with fork-shaped stub in compact UWB-MIMO antenna using CMA," 2021 International Conference on Recent Trends on Electronics, Information, Communication & Technology (RTEICT), 505-511, 2021.
doi:10.1109/RTEICT52294.2021.9574028
26. Suresh, A. C. and T. S. Reddy, "Design of corona shaped 2 x 2 UWB-MIMO antenna using characteristics mode analysis," International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, Vol. 70, No. 2, 260-269, 2022.
doi:10.14445/22315381/IJETT-V70I2P231
27. Singh, H. V. and S. Tripathi, "Compact UWB MIMO antenna with Fork-shaped stub with Vias Based Coupling Current Steering (VBCCS) to enhance isolation using CMA," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 129, 153550, 2021.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2020.153550
28. Suresh, A. C. and T. S. Reddy, "A ower shaped miniaturized 4 x 4 MIMO antenna for UWB applications using characteristic mode analysis," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 119, 219-233, 2022.
doi:10.2528/PIERC22020202
29. Suresh, A. C., T. S. Reddy, B. T. P. Madhav, S. Das, S. Lavadiya, A. D. Algarni, and W. El-Shafai, "Investigations on stub-based UWB-MIMO antennas to enhance isolation using characteristic mode analysis," Micromachines, Vol. 13, No. 12, 2088, 2022.
doi:10.3390/mi13122088
30. Suresh, A. C., T. S. Reddy, B. T. P. Madhav, S. Alshathri, W. El-Shafai, S. Das, and V. Sorathiya, "A novel design of spike-shaped miniaturized 4 x 4 MIMO antenna for wireless UWB network applications using characteristic mode analysis," Micromachines, Vol. 14, No. 3, 612, 2023.
doi:10.3390/mi14030612
31. Gupta, S. K., R. Mark, K. Mandal, and S. Das, "Four element UWB MIMO antenna with improved isolation using resistance loaded stub for S, C, and X band applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 131, 73-87, 2023.
doi:10.2528/PIERC22120507
32. Jabire, A. H., S. Sani, S. Saminu, M. J. Adamu, and M. I. Hussein, "A crossed-polarized four port MIMO antenna for UWB communication," Heliyon, Vol. 9, No. 1, 2023.
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12710
33. Althuwayb, A. A., "Low-interacted multiple antenna systems based on metasurface-inspired isolation approach for MIMO applications," Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, Vol. 47, No. 3, 2629-2638, 2022.
doi:10.1007/s13369-021-05720-6
34. Desai, A., J. Kulkarni, M. M. Kamruzzaman, S. Hubalovsky, H. T. Hsu, and A. A. Ibrahim, "Interconnected CPW fed flexible 4-port MIMO antenna for UWB, X, and Ku band applications," IEEE Access, Vol. 10, 57641-57654, 2022.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3179005
35. Rekha, V. S. D., P. Pardhasaradhi, B. T. P. Madhav, and Y. U. Devi, "Dual band notched orthogonal 4-element MIMO antenna with isolation for UWB applications," IEEE Access, Vol. 8, 145871-145880, 2020.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3015020
36. Tiwari, R. N., P. Singh, B. K. Kanaujia, and K. Srivastava, "Neutralization technique based two and four port high isolation MIMO antennas for UWB communication," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 110, 152828, 2019.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2019.152828
37. Faouri, Y., S. Ahmad, S. Naseer, K. Alhammami, N. Awad, A. Ghaffar, and M. I. Hussein, "Compact super wideband frequency diversity hexagonal shaped monopole antenna with switchable rejection band," IEEE Access, Vol. 10, 42321-42333, 2022.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3167387
38. Pannu, P. and D. K. Sharma, "Miniaturize four-port UWB-MIMO antenna with tri-notched band characteristics," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 63, No. 5, 1489-1498, 2021.
doi:10.1002/mop.32766
39. Khan, A. A., S. A. Naqvi, M. S. Khan, and B. Ijaz, "Quad port miniaturized MIMO antenna for UWB 11GHz and 13GHz frequency bands," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 131, 153618, 2021.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2021.153618
Submit
