In this paper, the authors present an optimization method based on modified Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm for thinning large multiple concentric circular ring arrays of uniformly excited isotropic antennas that will generate a pencil beam in the vertical plane with minimum relative side lobe level (SLL). Two different cases have been studied, one with fixed uniform inter-element spacing and another with optimum uniform inter-element spacing. In both the cases, the number of switched off elements is made equal to 220 or more. The half-power beam width of the synthesized pattern is attempted to make equal to that of a fully populated array with uniform spacing of 0.5 λ. Simulation results of the proposed thinned arrays are compared with a fully populated array to illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.
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