There are three mathematical conditions that must be solved simultaneously for the analysis of a fully-symmetric radio-frequency (RF) crossover. When additional reciprocal two-port networks - which might be of an arbitrarily high complexity - are appended at each port of a crossover, analysis of the modified crossover becomes very tedious. Therefore, this paper examines the requirement of the three conditions in such scenario. We show that two of the three conditions can be invoked without considering the additional two-port networks altogether. This is a remarkable simplification considering that the additional two-port networks, in general, would necessitate dealing with more involved algebraic calculations. To demonstrate the usefulness of the presented theory, for the first time, analysis and design of a dual-frequency port-extended crossover is included. A prototype of the dual-frequency crossover operating concurrently at 1 GHz and 2 GHz is manufactured on a Rogers RO4350B laminate having 30 mil substrate height and 3.66 dielectric constant. The close resemblance between the EM simulated and measured results validates the analytical equations.
2. Lin, F., Q. Chu, and S. W. Wong, "Dual-band planar crossover with two-section branch-line structure," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., Vol. 61, No. 6, 2309-2316, Jun. 2013.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2013.2261084
3. Ren, H., M. Zhou, H. Zhang, and B. Arigong, "A novel dual-band zero-phase true crossover with arbitrary port impedance," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., Vol. 29, No. 1, 29-31, Jan. 2019.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2018.2882094
4. Feng, W., Y. Zhao, W. Che, R. Gomez-Garcia, and Q. Xue, "Multi-band balanced couplers with broadband common-mode suppression," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II, Exp. Briefs, Vol. 65, No. 12, 1964-1968, Dec. 2018.
doi:10.1109/TCSII.2018.2821161
5. Feng, W., Y. Zhao, W. Che, H. Chen, and W. Yang, "Dual-/tri-band branch line couplers with high Dual-/tri-band branch line couplers with high," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II, Exp. Briefs, Vol. 65, No. 4, 461-465, Apr. 2018.
doi:10.1109/TCSII.2017.2739751
6. Gomez-Garcia, R., R. Loeches-Sanchez, D. Psychogiou, and D. Peroulis, "Multi-stub-loaded differential-mode planar multiband bandpass filters," IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. II, Exp. Briefs, Vol. 65, No. 3, 271-275, Mar. 2018.
doi:10.1109/TCSII.2017.2688336
7. Wong, F. L. and K. K. M. Cheng, "A novel, planar, and compact crossover design for dual-band applications," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., Vol. 59, No. 3, 568-573, Mar. 2011.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2010.2098883
8. Zhao, Y., W. Feng, T. Zhang, W. Che, and Q. Xue, "Planar single/dual-band crossovers with large-frequency ratios using coupled lines," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., Vol. 27, No. 10, 870-872, Oct. 2017.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2017.2745703
9. Kim, H., B. Lee, and M. J. Park, "Dual-band branch-line coupler with port extensions," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., Vol. 58, No. 3, 651-655, Mar. 2010.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2010.2040342
10. Chu, Q., F. Lin, Z. Lin, and Z. Gong, "Novel design method of tri-band power divider," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., Vol. 59, No. 9, 2221-2226, Sep. 2011.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2011.2160195
11. Chu, P. and C. Tang, "Design of a compact planar crossover with four intersecting channels," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., Vol. 28, No. 4, 293-295, Apr. 2018.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2018.2811246
12. Wang, Y., E. Oliver, N. Nguyen-Trong, J. Ness, and A. M. Abbosh, "Hyperwideband microwave crossover using bridged suspended substrate line configuration," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., Vol. 28, No. 12, 1083-1085, Dec. 2018.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2018.2874503
13. Jiao, L., et al., "A wideband uniplanar double-ring crossover with balanced and single-ended paths," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., Vol. 66, No. 12, 5238-5247, Dec. 2018.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2018.2865565
14. Collin, R. E., Foundations for Microwave Engineering, 2nd Ed., Wiley-IEEE Press, USA, Jan. 2001.
doi:10.1109/9780470544662
Submit
